Reimagining Study Abroad Identity (Re)negotiation, Peer Interaction, and Cultural Exchange for Spanish Heritage Speakers

Abstract

Study abroad (SA) programs have traditionally focused on cultural and linguistic immersion for students from dominant cultural groups, but recent demographic shifts highlight the increasing participation of Spanish Heritage Speakers (SHSs) in SA programs. SHSs, characterized by their bilingual and bicultural identities, bring distinct perspectives and challenges to the SA experience, including linguistic insecurities, the need for identity negotiation, and the navigation of host community biases. This article explores the evolving
landscape of SA programs, emphasizing the need for inclusive, research-informed practices responsive to SHSs. Drawing on recent studies by the author, the article examines three SA programmatic interventions: (1) pre-departure SHS-led conversation exchanges to build confidence and foster community within SA cohorts, (2) virtual exchanges with host university students to facilitate networking and reduce linguistic anxiety in the heritage language, and (3) semi-structured conversation exchanges during immersion centered on critical culture issues to deepen intercultural understanding and encourage critical reflection. These SA programmatic interventions aim to support SHSs in leveraging their bi-/multi-lingual and bi-/multi-cultural upbringing as assets while addressing challenges tied to intersectional identities and systemic biases. By conceptualizing SA as a multiphase experience—encompassing pre-departure, immersion, and post-immersion phases—the article advocates for holistic program designs that prioritize peer interaction, intercultural dialogue, and self-reflection. Ultimately, this critical overview calls for reimagined SA models that reflect the diversity of current student cohorts, promote mutual learning among peers of the same age, and create spaces for meaningful discussion and identity (re)affirmation, with the goal of enriching the SA experience for all participants.